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br Perspectives br Contributors BP study concept
2021-12-24
Perspectives Contributors BP: study concept & design, literature review, data analysis & synthesis & presentation, primary draft of the manuscript; JDR: data analysis, Fig. 1 illustration, manuscript review & revision; ZP: study concept & design, manuscript review & edit; MI: manuscript review
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The precise mechanisms of action
2021-12-24
The precise mechanisms of action of 4-PBA are as yet ambiguous. Its capacity as a chemical chaperone has been thoroughly documented for the ABC transporter family in particular (Prulière-Escabasse et al., 2007; Iram and Cole, 2014; Gordo-Gilart et al., 2016; Pomozi et al., 2017). 4-PBA has been clas
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ICH induced striatal lesion produced a reduction of EAAT exp
2021-12-24
ICH-induced striatal lesion produced a reduction of EAAT1 expression analogous to the decreased glutamate uptake at 6 h. The combined reduction of excitatory amino crf1 transporters and of glutamate uptake activity might explain the well-known glutamate excitotoxicity following brain ischemia (Rao e
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Tight junctions regulate the transfer of ions as well
2021-12-24
Tight junctions regulate the transfer of ions as well as small molecules across endothelial barriers (Li et al., 2015). We also investigated whether resistin affects tight junctions, which play an important role in the conformation of polarized endothelial barriers (Matsuzaki et al., 2010). A previo
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Animal studies have shown that various antidepressant treatm
2021-12-24
Animal studies have shown that various antidepressant treatment are capable of upregulating GR protein and mRNA in key CHIR-124 regions including the hippocampus and decreasing basal and/or stress-induced glucocorticoid secretion [37]. Changes in the level or function of GR regulate the negative fe
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The ER EK polymorphism is located in the
2021-12-24
The ER22/23EK polymorphism is located in the transactivation domain of the GR gene. A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been identified in both of the two adjacent codons (22 and 23). These SNPs are fully linked and are associated with relative GC resistance[32], [44]. Although no associati
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br GJs in the brain br Alterations of
2021-12-24
GJs in the brain Alterations of GJs in epilepsy The role of GJ blockers and openers in epilepsy As previously known, GJ-mediated electrical coupling plays a role in the generation of highly synchronous electrical activity. The hypersynchronous neuronal activity is a significant feature of c
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In a mouse model of hyperhomocysteinemia a risk factor for
2021-12-24
In a mouse model of hyperhomocysteinemia (a risk factor for the development of vascular dysfunction) it has been shown that myoendothelial communication is enhanced due to increased expression of Cx37 and IK1 CP-868596 [], allowing the propagation of endothelial signals to VSMC and thereby decreasi
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The secretase complex comprises four core subunits presenili
2021-12-24
The γ-secretase complex comprises four core subunits: presenilin (PS), nicastrin (NCT), anterior pharynx-defective 1 (Aph1), and presenilin enhancer 2 (Pen2) [7], [8]. PS is the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase, and many PS mutations associated with familial AD result in a high Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio [5].
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Inflammatory pain is very common in the
2021-12-23
Inflammatory pain is very common in the clinic. A study demonstrated that galanin was upregulated after nerve injury or inflammation (Ma and Bisby, 1997). It has been reported that galanin plays an important role in the transmission of nociceptive information in the spinal cord of rats with inflamma
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On correlating acute rejection to different risk
2021-12-23
On correlating acute rejection to different risk markers by multiple linear regression analysis, we found that serum FasL and serum creatinine were variables that were independently associated with AR. Carstens et al., reported that significant differences were present between acute rejection and ze
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The feasibility of using the Fas Fas ligand FasL
2021-12-23
The feasibility of using the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system to target vascular progenitor Bromfenac Sodium sale contributing to intimal hyperplasia has been shown in many studies [[18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24]]. Fas receptor, a member of tissue necrosis factor family, is a death receptor t
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br Dual acting HR antagonists While the present medicinal
2021-12-23
Dual-acting HR antagonists While the present medicinal chemistry efforts are mainly focused on selective ligands targeting GPCRs, and particularly on H1R, H3R and H4R selective antagonists/agonists, there were and, also, still are several efforts to develop dual acting H1R/H2R, H1R/H3R and H3R/H4
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Long non coding RNAs lncRNAs are a class of
2021-12-23
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts which are over 200 nucleotides in length and not translated into proteins (Ponting et al., 2009). Recent studies showed that lncRNAs have been identified as crucial regulators of gene expression, chromatin remodeling, and cell cycle (Wahl
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Mitochondrial binding by HK prevents
2021-12-23
Mitochondrial binding by HK prevents mortality by inhibiting pro-apoptotic factor (Bcl-2 family)-mediated opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) (Arora and Pedersen, 1988, Calmettes et al., 2016, Kodde et al., 2007, Pedersen et al., 2002, Rosano, 2011, Schindler and Foley,
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